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تأثیر موسیقی‌درمانی بر توجه اشتراکی، پردازش حسی و مهارت‌های اجتماعی- ارتباطی در کودکان اُتیسم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه روانشناسی، واحد نجف آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف آباد، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: مشکل اصلی کودکان مبتلا به اختلال طیف اُتیسم، ضعف در مهارت‌های اجتماعی-ارتباطی است و اختلال در توجه ‌اشتراکی و نقص در پردازش ‌حسی تشدیدکنندۀ این ضعف هستند. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی تأثیر موسیقی‌درمانی بر توجه ‌اشتراکی، پردازش ‌حسی و مهارت‌های اجتماعی-ارتباطی در کودکان اُتیسم انجام شد.
مواد و روش‌ها: روش پژوهش نیمه‌آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون-پس‌آزمون و گروه گواه همراه با دوره پیگیری بود. جامعه پژوهش کلیۀ کودکان با اختلال اُتیسم با عملکرد بالا به‌همراه مادرانشان بودند که در مرکز یاوران زینب شهر اصفهان در سال‌های 1401-1402 خدمات دریافت می‌کردند. 30 کودک اُتیسم-مادر به‌عنوان نمونه به‌روش در دسترس انتخاب و در دو گروه آزمایش و گواه گمارده شدند. برای اجرای پیش‌آزمون مقیاس ارتباط اجتماعی اولیه (ESCS) توسط محققان و پرسشنامه وضعیت حسی وین‌دان (SP) و نیمرخ مهارت‌های اجتماعی (ASSP) توسط مادران تکمیل گردید. گروه آزمایش 12 جلسه موسیقی‌درمانی دریافت کرد. گروه گواه در این مدت در لیست انتظار بود. پس از اتمام جلسات و 45 روز بعد مجدداً پرسشنامه‌ها تکمیل شدند. تحلیل‌های آماری با استفاده از آزمون واریانس با اندازه‌گیری مکرر و به‌وسیله نرم‌افزارSpss 24 انجام گردید.
یافته‌ها: طبق نتایج اثر متغیر درون‌گروهی بر توجه ‌اشتراکی، پردازش ‌حسی و مهارت‌های اجتماعی-ارتباطی معنادار بود (0/05≥P)، همچنین اثر متغیر بین گروهی مداخله نیز در افزایش توجه ‌اشتراکی (0/831=E)، پردازش ‌حسی (0/177=E) و مهارت‌های اجتماعی-ارتباطی (0/265=E) معنادار محاسبه شد (0/05≥P)؛ یعنی موسیقی‌درمانی نمرات توجه ‌اشتراکی، پردازش ‌حسی و مهارت‌های اجتماعی-ارتباطی را نسبت به گروه گواه بهبود بخشیده است.
نتیجه‌گیری: به‌منظور بهبود توجه اشتراکی، پردازش ‌حسی و مهارت‌های اجتماعی- ارتباطی کودکان اُتیسم می‌توان از موسیقی‌درمانی استفاده نمود. 

تازه های تحقیق

Farzaneh Kiyanpoor (Google Scholar)

Akram Dehghani (Google Scholar)

کلیدواژه‌ها

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مجله علوم پزشکی صدرا
دوره 13، شماره 2
فروردین 1404
صفحه 284-300
فایل ها
هم رسانی
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