نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد بیومکانیک ورزشی، گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد همدان، همدان، ایران

2 استادیار بیومکانیک ورزشی، گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد همدان، همدان، ایران

3 دانشجوی دکتری، بیومکانیک ورزشی، گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد همدان، همدان، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: عوامل خطرزای خستگی هنگام حمل کوله با وزن‌های مختلف در دانش‌آموزان ناشناخته‌ است؛ از این‌رو هدف مطالعه‌ی حاضر بررسی تأثیر خستگی ناشی از حمل کوله با وزن‌های مختلف بر پارامترهای کینتیکی راه‌رفتن در دانش‌آموزان است.
روش‌ها: این پژوهش از نوع نیمه‌تجربی بوده و جامعه‌ی آماری این پژوهش را دانش‌آموزان پسر سالم تشکیل ‌داده‌ند. به‌منظور بررسی اثرات خستگی ناشی از حمل کوله، از کوله‌پشتی‌هایی در وزن‌های 5/7 ،10، 5/12و 15 درصد وزن بدن قبل و بعد از خستگی استفاده شد. پروتکل خستگی شامل راه‌رفتن ده دقیقه‌ایی حمل کوله با ده درصد وزن بدن بود. برای اندازه‌گیری نیروهای عکس‌العمل زمین از صفحه‌ی نیرو کیستلر و برای تحلیل آماری آزمون تی زوجی استفاده شد (SPSS, v.20).
یافته‌ها: خستگی باعث افزایش نیروی جلو‌برنده (10 و 5/12 درصد وزن بدن)، افزایش نیروی ترمززننده، افزایش قله‌ی اول نیروی عمودی و کاهش نیروی دره (با 5/7 و10 درصد وزن بدن) شد (05/0≥ P)؛ حمل بار باعث افزایش قله‌ی دوم در بیشتر سطوح بعد از خستگی شد (05/0 P≤) و همچنین سبب افزایش دره  (Fz2) در سطح پانزده درصد در مقایسه با بقیه‌ی سطوح بعد از خستگی شد (05/0 P≤).
نتیجه‌گیری: خستگی عضلانی ناشی از حمل کوله سبب تغییر نیروهای عکس‌العمل زمین می‌شود، بنابراین ریسک‌فاکتوری مهم برای اثرات ثانویه مانند ناهنجاری یا آسیب‌دیدگی در اندام تحتانی تلقی می‌شود. از این‌رو به دانش‌آموزان، والدین و معلمان مدارس ابتدایی توصیه می‌شود به وزن کیف‌های مدرسه‌ی دانش‌آموزان توجه ویژه‌ای داشته باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Fatigue Due to Backpack Carriage with Different Weights on Shear and Vertical Components of Walking Ground Reaction Forces in Healthy Students

نویسندگان [English]

  • Soode Behmaram 1
  • Ali Jalalvand 2
  • Mohamadreza Jahani 3

1 M.Sc. Student, Department of sport biomechanics, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of sport biomechanics, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran

3 Ph.D. Candidate, Department of sport biomechanics, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran

چکیده [English]

Introduction: The risk factors of fatigue while carrying bags with different weights in students are unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of fatigue due to carrying backpacks with different weights on the kinetic parameters of gait in students.
Methods: This study was quasi-experimental research. The statistical population of this study consisted of healthy male students. To investigate the effects of fatigue due to backpack carriage, backpacks with7.5, 10, 12.5%​​, and 15% body weight were used before and after fatigue. The fatigue protocol consisted of 10-minute walking and carrying a backpack with 10 percent of body weight. Kistler force plates were used to measure the ground reaction forces. For statistical analysis, paired sample t-test was used through SPSS v. 20.
Results: Fatigue in the healthy group increased propulsive force (10 and 12.5% BW), braking force, vertical force of the first peak of Fz1, whereas it decreased Fz2 valley force (with 7.5 and 10 BW) (P≤0/05). The carrying load increased the second peak of Fz3 in most levels after fatigue (P≤0/05). In addition, the carrying load increased the valley (Fz2) by a 15% level compared to other levels after fatigue (P≤0.05).
Conclusion: Muscle fatigue caused by carrying a backpack changes the reaction forces of the ground, so it is considered an important risk factor for secondary effects such as abnormalities or injuries in the lower extremities. Therefore, students, parents, and primary school teachers are advised to pay special attention to the weight of the backpack.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Fatigue
  • Kinetics
  • Children
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