نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای تخصصی نانوفناوری دارویی، کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی دانشکده داروسازی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شیراز، شیراز، ایران

2 استادیار گروه نانوفناوری دارویی، دانشکده داروسازی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شیراز، شیراز، ایران

چکیده

در طول دو دهه گذشته، به دلیل تکامل تکنیک های طراحی و سنتز و در عین حال درک مکانیسم های مولکولی اثر بخشی پپتیدها در بهبود مشکلات پوستی، کاربرد آنها به عنوان عوامل دارو – آرایشی گسترش یافته است. مزایای متعددی برای پپتیدهای زیست فعال از قبیل دسترسی، عملکرد متنوع و انتخابی در فیزیولوژی پوست و فقدان اثرات جانبی ایمنی زا در تجویز موضعی مطرح شده که توجه ویژه متخصصین پوست به استفاده بالقوه از آنها را به عنوان عوامل ضد چین و چروک پوست جلب نموده است. این پپتیدها دارای نقش های مختلف بیولوژیکی نظیر تنظیم سیگنال های ماتریکس خارج سلولی و تحریک سنتز کلاژن می باشند. همچنین، به عنوان پپتیدهای حامل، آنتی اکسیدانت، مهارکننده میانجی گرهای عصبی یا آنزیمی عمل می کنند. اگرچه، موانع متعددی برای کاربرد گسترده آنها در محصولات موضعی ضد پیری وجود دارد: الف) شواهد بالینی برای اثربخشی درمانی هنوز محدود است، ب) نفوذ پوستی به دلیل هیدروفیل بودن، جرم مولی بالا و اتصال به سایر مواد محدود است، و ج) هزینه های زیاد. انتقال پپتید از پوست به طور موثر توسط جذب افزاها، اصلاح شیمیایی پپتید، میکروانکپسیولاسیون و ایجاد تخلخل های ریز در پوست افزایش می یابد. امروزه بیش از سی نوع پپتید به عنوان عامل ضد پیری پوست معرفی شده که بعضا در فراورده های مراقبت از پوست استفاده می شود. این مقاله خلاصه ای از پپتیدهای موضعی با اثربخشی اثبات شده در مطالعات درون تن ارائه می دهد؛ بعلاوه، چالش ها و رویکردهای انتقال پپتید از راه پوست بحث می شود.

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