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سبب‌شناسی اختلال کندن پوست در دوقلوهای همسان و غیر همسان (ارائه مدل یکپارچه ژنتیکی، محیطی و رفتاری)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکترای تخصصی روان شناسی، استادیار گروه روان شناسی موسسه آموزش عالی فاطمیه (س) شیراز، شیراز، ایران

2 دانشیار روان شناسی، گروه روان شناسی، کوئین کالج، واشنگتن، آمریکا

3 استاد روان شناسی، گروه روان شناسی، دانشگاه گیلان،گیلان، ایران

4 کارشناس ارشد روانشناسی عمومی، گروه روانشناسی، موسسه آموزش عالی فاطمیه (س) شیراز، شیراز، ایران

5 دانشجوی دکترای تخصصی روانشناسی، گروه روانشناسی، واحد مرودشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرودشت، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: طبقۀ جدید وسواسی جبری و اختلالات مرتبط در ویراست پنجم راهنمای تشخیصی و آماری اختلالات روانی متشکل از اختلالاتی است که گمان می‌رود دارای سبب‌شناسی مشترک با یکدیگر باشند. هدف این مطالعه بررسی نقش عوامل ژنتیکی و محیطی در سبب‌شناسی اختلال کندن پوست از این گروه اختلالات و نحوۀ ارتباط آن با دیدگاه‌های سبب‌شناسی معاصر بود.
روش‌ها: مطالعۀ حاضر از نوع مطالعات طرح دوقلویی بود و نمونه شامل 676 دوقلو (474 همسان و 204 ناهمسان) که به‌صورت تصادفی از انجمن‌های دوقلویی چند شهر بزرگ کشور در سال 139۸ انتخاب شدند. برای ابزارهای پژوهش مقیاس دستکاری و کندن پوست و پرسشنامه خودگزارشی استفاده شد. از تحلیل تک‌متغیره دوقلویی جهت برآورد واریانس وراثت، محیط مشترک و محیط غیرمشترک در اختلال مذکور استفاده گردید. داده‌های پژوهش برای تحلیل در نرم‌افزارهای SPSS-26, Stata-17 و M-plus نسخه 8.3.2 بارگذاری شد.
یافته‌ها: نتایج تحلیل تک متغیره دوقلویی نشان داد عوامل ژنتیکی 80% از سبب‌شناسی کندن پوست را تبیین می‌کند، درحالی‌که تاکنون واریانس باقی‌مانده از عوامل محیطی نامشترک و واریانس خطا تبیین می‌شد. نقش محیط مشترک بسیار ناچیز بود. در سبب‌شناسی اختلال کندن پوست مدل DE برازش بهتری داشت.
نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد اختلال کندن پوست توارت‌پذیری بالایی دارد، لذا انجام مطالعات خانوادگی و ژنتیکی مولکولی جهت تعیین ژن‌های کاندید این اختلال و شناسایی عوامل خطرساز غیرمشترک محیطی ضروری است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Etiology of Skin Picking Disorder in Monozygotic and Dizygotic Twins (An Integrated Genetic, Environmental, and Behavioral Model)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Kazem Khorramdel 1
  • Usha Brahmand 2
  • Abbas Abolghasemi 3
  • Shiva Zare 4
  • Soode Dashtiane 5

1 Ph.D. in Psychology, Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Fatemiyeh Shiraz, Institute of Higher Education, Shiraz, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of psychology, CUNY Queens College, Whashington, USA

3 Professor, Department of psychology, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran

4 M.A. in Psychology, Department of psychology, Fatemiyeh Shiraz Institute of Higher Education, Shiraz, Iran

5 Ph.D. Candidate of Psychology, Department of Psychology, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran

چکیده [English]

Introduction: The new DSM-5 “Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders” chapter contains a series of conditions supposed to be etiologically related to obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). This study aimed to investigate the genetic and environmental contribution to Skin Picking Disorder and relate the findings to contemporary theories about the etiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Methods: This research was a twin study design. 672 twins (Mz=474; DZ=202) were selected from twins associations in some cities in Iran in 2019. The Skin Picking Scale and the Self-Report of Zygosity were used as the research instruments. Twin modeling methods were employed to decompose the variance in the liability to excoriation (skin-picking) disorder (SPD) into additive genetic and shared and non-shared environmental factors. SPSS-26, Stata-17 and M-plus version 8.3.2 analyzed the data.
Results: Univariate model-fitting analyses showed that genetic factors accounted for approximately 80% of the variance in SPD, whereas non-shared environmental factors and measurement error were responsible for the remaining variance. Shared environmental factors were negligible. The best-fitted model for SPD was DE.
Conclusion: The results indicate that SPD has a strong heritability. Therefore, family and molecular genetic studies are required to delineate the role of candidate genes and non-shared environmental factors.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Dizygotic Twins
  • Environmental and Behavioral
  • Monozygotic Twins
  • Obsessive Compulsive Disorders
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مجله علوم پزشکی صدرا
دوره 10، شماره 4
مهر 1401
صفحه 317-330
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هم رسانی
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