Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1 Instructor, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
2 Instructor, Department of Nursing, Bandar Abbas Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbas, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
Abstract
Background: Caring for a patient with a mental disorder is a responsibility that has a lot of psychological burden for family members. In recent years, psychotherapy, especially psychosocial interventions, along with drug therapy has been given greater attention. One of these family-based interventions is the psycho-educational intervention of the family. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of psycho-educational intervention on the burden of family caregivers of patients with bipolar disorder.
Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study conducted in the psychiatric hospital affiliated to Bushehr University of Medical Sciences in 2018. The research sample consisted of 31 main caregivers of patients with bipolar disorder who participated in 6 group training sessions. Before and after the intervention, Zarit psychological burden questionnaire was completed by caregivers. Data were analyzed by SPSS 19 software, Chi-square, Pearson correlation, and T-test.
Results: The mean age of caregivers was 45.77 ± 12.62. The mean psychosocial burden of caregivers in the pretest was 66.45 ± 14.73. The results of the study showed that after participating in educational sessions, the average of psychological burden in caregivers with mean of 38.3 ± 10.53 was significantly decreased (P = 0.000).
Conclusion: Considering the effectiveness of psycho-educational interventions on the burden of family caregivers in patients with bipolar disorder, it is suggested to use psycho-educational interventions in psychiatric wards for caregivers in bipolar patients.
Keywords
- Kim H, Rapoport, S, Rao J. Altered expressions of apoptotic factors and synaptic markers in postmortem brain from bipolar disorder patients. Neurobiology of disease .2013; 37: 596-603.
- Ogilvie AD, Morant N, Goodwin GM. The burden on informal caregivers of people with bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord. 2005; 7: 25–32.
- Haresabadi M, Bibak B, Hosein zadeh, Bayati M, Arki M, Akbari H. Assessing burden of family caregivers of patients with schizophrenia Admitted in IMAM REZA hospital Bojnurd 2010. Journal of North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences. 2012; 4(2): 165-171.
- World Health Organization. Investing in mental health. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2003.
- Pompili M, Harnic D, Gonda X, Forte A, Dominici G, Innamorati M, et al. Impact of living with bipolar patients: Making sense of caregivers’ burden. World J Psychiatry. 2014; 4(1): 1–12.
- Hudson P, Quinn K, Kristjanson L, Thomas T, Braithwaite M, Fisher J, et al. Evaluation of a psycho-educational group programme for family caregivers in home-based palliative care. Palliat Med. 2008; 22(3): 270-80.
- Navidian A, Bahari F. Burden Experienced by Family Caregivers of Patients with Mental Disorders. Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research. 2008; 23 (1-2):19-28.
- Corsentino E, Molinari V, Gum A, Roscoe L. Family caregivers' future planning for younger and older adults with serious mental illness (SMI). Journal of Applied Gerontology. 2008; 27: 466-485.
- Bhattacharjee D, Rai AK, Singh NK, Kumar P, Munda SK, Das B. Psychoeducation: a measure to.strengthen psychiatric treatment. Delhi Psychiatry Journal. 2011; 14(1): 33-39.
- Perlick D, Miklowitz D, Lopez N, Chou J, Kalvin C, Adzhiashvili V. Family-focused treatment for caregivers of patients with bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord. 2010; 12: 627-37.
- Ghoshchian chobmasjedi S, Makvand hoseini Sh, Najafi M, Bigdeli E. Comparison of the effectiveness of Psycho-individual training and psycho-family education on the symptoms of depression and mania of type I bipolar patients undergoing drug therapy. Quarterly of Clinical Psychology Studies Allameh Tabataba’i University. 2017; 7(27): 181-203.
- Awad A G, Voruqanti L N. The Burden of Schizophrenia of Caregivers: A Review. Pharmacoeconomics. 2008; 26 (2): 149-162.
- Zarit SH, Todd PA, Zarit JM. Subjective burden of husbands and wives as caregivers: A longitudinal study. Gerontologist. 1986; 26: 260-266.
- Gutierrez-maldonado J, Caqueo-urizar A. Effectiveness of a Psycho-educational Intervention for Reducing Burden in Latin American Families of Patients with Schizophrenia. Quality Life Research. 2007; 16(5): 739-747.
- Girma E, Moller-Leimkuhler AM, Dehning S, Mueller N, Tesfaye M, Froeschl G. Self-stigma among caregivers of people with mental illness: toward caregivers’ empowerment. J Multidiscip Healthc. 2014; 7: 37-43.
- Rahmani F, Ebrahimi H, Ranjbar F, Asghari E. [The effect of group psychoeducational program on attitude toward mental illness in family caregivers of patients with bipolar disorder]. Hayat, Journal of School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences. 2015; 21(4): 65-79.
- Hubbard AA, McEvoy PM, Smith L, Kane RT. Brief group psychoeducation for caregivers of individuals with bipolar disorder: A randomized controlled trial. J Affect Disord. 2016; 200: 31-36.
- de Souza MS, da Silva RA, Molina MA, Jansen K, de Lima Ferreira L, Kelbert EF, Soares JM, de Mattos Souza LD. Six-session caregiver psychoeducation on bipolar disorder: Does it bring benefits to caregivers? Int J Soc Psychiatry. 2016; 62(4): 377-85.
- Fallahi Khoshknab M, Sheikhona M, Rahgouy A, Rahgozar M, Sodagari F. The effects of group psychoeducational programme on family burden in caregivers of Iranian patients with schizophrenia. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 2014; 21(5): 438-46.
- Vaghee S, Salarhaji A, Asgharipour N, Chamanzari H. [Effects of psychoeducation on stigma in family caregivers of patients with schizophrenia: a clinical trial]. Evidence Based Care Journal. 2015; 5(16): 63-76.
- Candini V, Buizza C, Ferrari C, Caldera MT, Ermentini R, Ghilardi A, et al. Is structured group psychoeducation for bipolar patients effective in ordinary mental health services? a controlled trial in Italy. J Affect Disord. 2013; 151(1): 149-55.
- Colom F. Keeping therapies simple: psychoeducation in the prevention of relapse in affective disorders, The British Journal of Psychiatry.2011; 198: 338-40.
- Miklowitz D. Bipolar disorder: A family-focused treatment approach. Guilford Press; 2010.
- Dour H, Wiley J, Roy‐Byrne P, Stein MB, Sullivan G, Sherbourne C. Perceived social support mediates anxiety and depressive symptom changes following primary care intervention. Depression and anxiety. 2014; 31: 436-42.
- Gumus F, Buzlu S, Cakir S. Effectiveness of individual psychoeducation on recurrence in bipolar disorder; a controlled study. Archives of psychiatric nursing. 2015; 29: 174-9.
)