Document Type : Original Article
Authors
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Given the significance of adolescence in formation of identity, this study aimed to investigate the impact of self-knowledge, extent of commitment, and object relations on identity formation in adolescents. These variables are the most important dimensions of identity formation among adolescents.
Methods: This causal-comparative study was conducted on 36 students aged 18 to 22 years selected through convenience sampling. After matching, the students were divided into three groups based on their identities. The data were collected using Bell’s Object Relations and Reality Testing Inventory, Ghorbani’s Integrative Self-Knowledge Scale, and Berzonsky’s Identity Style Inventory. Then, the data were entered into the SPSS statistical software and were analyzed using MANOVA, one-way ANOVA, and Sheffe’s post-hoc test.
Results: The results revealed significant differences among the study groups in terms of integrative self-knowledge, commitment, social incompetence, and insecure attachment. Accordingly, the participants with informational style showed the highest degree of integrative self-knowledge and commitment, while those with diffuse/avoidant style were more socially incompetent, alienated, and insecurely attached compared to the other two styles. However, no significant differences were found among the three groups with regard to egocentrism.
Conclusion: The results indicated that the individuals with various identity styles were different regarding commitment, social incompetence, and insecure attachment. In fact, these factors play a critical role in identity formation. Therefore, they can be used by experts and authorities to prepare educational or treatment packages to create successful identities in Iranian adolescents.
Keywords
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