نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار پزشکی اجتماعی، مرکز تحقیقات تروما، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شیراز، شیراز، ایران

2 کارشناس ارشد، مرکز تحقیقات تروما، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شیراز، شیراز، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: با توجه به آمار بالای تصادفات رانندگی جاده ای در ایران و میزان قابل توجه مرگ و میر و عوارض ناگوار ناشی از این حوادث بررسی عوامل مرتبط با آن بسیار ضروری به نظر می رسد. هدف از این مطالعه بررسی خصوصیات اپیدمیولوژی سوانح ترافیکی و عوامل موثر بر مرگ بیماران بستری شده ناشی از تصادفات است.
روش‌ها: در این مطالعه مصدومین ناشی از تصادفات ترافیکی مراجعه کننده به بیمارستان ترومای شیراز، در طول 6 ماه به‌صورت تصادفی وارد مطالعه شدند. عوامل موثر بر ایجاد حادثه به عوامل خطر قبل از وقوع حادثه ، در حین حادثه و در زمان بستری در بیمارستان در میزان مرگ بیمار بررسی شد تاثیر فاکتورها بر شانس مرگ بیمار از رگرسیون لجستیک چندمتغیره استفاده شد.
یافته‌ها: در این مطالعه 563 بیمار آسیب دیده ناشی از تصادفات ترافیکی بستری شده در واحد احیاء در طول 6 ماه بررسی شده اند. مصدومیت و مرگ در 8 ساعت اول بستری به طور معنا داری از بقیه ساعات بیشتر است. آسیب به سن 39-15 سال، شاخص مقیاس کمای گلاسکو ، مقیاس شدت آسیب، مقیاس شدت آسیب تروما، مقیاس تجدید نظر تروما، ناحیه آسیب سروگردن و سابقه جراحی شانس مرگ را به طور معنی داری افزایش خواهند داد؛ از میان نواحی آسیب، داشتن آسیب سر و گردن و همچنین شکم، شانس مرگ را به ترتیب 36/3 و 62/6 برابر می‌کند.
نتیجه­ گیری: بایستی رعایت قوانین ایمنی بیش از پیش برای رانندگان و سرنشینان خودرو مهم طلقی شود، و پس از آن بیماران مراجعه کننده بر اساس معیار های طبقه بندی موجود و بررسی ریسک مرگ براساس فاکتورهای پیش‌آگهی، اولویت بندی شده و درمان مناسب ایشان انجام پذیرد.   

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

An Epidemiologic Study of Traffic Accidents and Factors Affecting their Outcome in Admitted Patients due to Crashes in the Southern Trauma Center

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahnaz Yadollahi 1
  • Abbas Nazariyat 2

1 Assistant Professor of Community Medicine, Trauma Research Center, Rajaee (Emtiaz) Trauma Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

2 M.Sc., Trauma Research Center, Rajaee (Emtiaz) Trauma Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

چکیده [English]

Introduction: Due to the high number of road traffic accidents in Iran and the significant rate of death and adverse complications caused by these accidents, it seems necessary to investigate the related factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of traffic accidents and the factors affecting the death of hospitalized patients due to accidents.
Methods: In this study, injured patients due to traffic accidents referring to the trauma hospital in Shiraz were randomly entered into the study for 6 months. The factors affecting the occurrence of an accident including the risk factors before the accident, during the incident, and at the time of hospitalization were investigated in the patient's mortality rate. A multivariable logistic regression was used to investigate the effect of factors on the patients’ chances of death.
Results: In this study, 563 injured patients from traumatic accidents admitted to the recovery unit for a period of 6 months were investigated. Injuries and death in the first eight hours of admission are significantly higher than other hours. The results show that damage to the age group of 15-39 years, Glasgow coma score, injury severity score, trauma injury severity score, revised trauma score, head and neck injury score, and the history of having a surgery significantly increase the chance of death.   Among the areas of injury, having head and neck injuries as well as abdomen injury makes the chance of death 3.36 and 6.62 fold, respectively.
Conclusion: It is necessary to observe safety rules for drivers and passengers of the car more than before.  Also, patients   referring to trauma centers should be prioritized and treated based on the existing classification criteria and the risk assessment of death according to prognostic factors.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Epidemiological studies
  • Fatal Outcome
  • Traffic accidents
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