نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
- کتایون بختیار 1
- ثریا نورایی مطلق 2
- محمدحسن ایمانی نسب 2
- محمدجواد طراحی 3
- محمدحسین قارونی 4
- حشمت اله اسدی 2
1 مربی، گروه بهداشت عمومی، دانشکده بهداشت و تغذیه، مرکز تحقیقات عوامل اجتماعی موثر بر سلامت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران
2 استادیار، گروه بهداشت عمومی، دانشکده بهداشت و تغذیه، مرکز تحقیقات عوامل اجتماعی موثر بر سلامت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران
3 استادیار، گروه اپیدمیولوژی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران
4 استادیار، گروه بهداشت مواد غذایی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران
چکیده
مقدمه: بازنگری ادواری برنامههای درسی مقاطع مختلف تحصیلی بر حسب نیازهای حرفه ای سبب بهبود کیفیت آموزش می گردد. لذا این مطالعه با هدف تعیین میزان انطباق دروس پایه و اختصاصی کارشناسی رشته بهداشت عمومی با نیازهای حرفهای انجام شد.مواد و روش: این مطالعه مقطعی با مشارکت 66 کارآموز بهداشت عمومی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی لرستان در سال 1395 انجام شد. روش نمونهگیری سرشماری بود. ابزار جمع آوری اطلاعات پرسشنامه بود که روایی و پایایی آن در بررسیهای قبلی مورد تایید قرار گرفته است. دادهها با استفاده از نرم افزار STATA و روشهای آماری توصیفی و تحلیلی مورد تجزیه تحلیل قرار گرفت.یافتهها: نتایج مطالعه نشان داد کاربرد دروس اختصاصی و پایه کارشناسی رشته بهداشت عمومی جهت انجام وظایف شغلی به ترتیب زیاد و متوسط بود. پرکاربرد ترین درس اختصاصی رشته از نظر کارآموزان، بهداشت مادران و کودکان و کم کاربردترین درس، بهداشت حرفهای بود. از نظر کارآموزان بیش از 60 درصد دروس پایه و بیش از 40 درصد دروس اختصاصی صرفاً در حد تغییر دانش و نه نگرش و رفتار ارائه می گردد. در هر دو گروه کارآموزان پیوسته و ناپیوسته، رضایت از رشته تحصیلی متوسط بود و تفاوت معناداری بین دو گروه مشاهده نشد. بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: میزان انطباق برنامه آموزشی دوره کارشناسی رشته بهداشت عمومی با نیازهای حرفه ای، از نظر کارآموزان این رشته در حد متوسط بود. لذا پیشنهاد میشود تعداد واحدهای درس مصون سازی فعال و انفعالی افزایش یابد. همچنین پیشنهاد می‌گردد یک نیمسال از کارآموزی در طی دوره آموزشی ارائه گردد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
The Correspondence between the Curriculum of Public Health Undergraduate Program and Job Requirements: A Cross-sectional Study
نویسندگان [English]
- Katayon Bakhtiyar 1
- Soraya Nouraei Motlagh 2
- Mohammad hassan Imani-Nasab 2
- Mohammad Javad Tarahi 3
- Mohammad Hossein Gharouni 4
- Heshmatollah Asadi 2
1 MSc. Public Health Department, School of Health and Nutrition, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
2 PhD, Public Health Department, School of Health and Nutrition, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
3 PhD, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
4 PhD, Department of Food Hygiene, School of Veterinary Medicine, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
چکیده [English]
Background: The periodic revision of school curriculum in different courses in every scientific discipline is one of the basic principles of the training process and it improves the quality of education. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the level of correspondence between the basic and specialized courses of Public Health undergraduate program and job requirements.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 66 Public Healthinterns/apprentices at Lorestan University of Medical Sciences in 2016. The Sampling was the census. The data collection instrument was a questionnaire whose validity and reliability have been confirmed in previous studies. The data were analyzed using STATA software and descriptive and analytical statistics.
Results: The results showed that the use of specialized and basic courses of Public Health in doing job duties was high and medium respectively. According to the interns, the most practical specialized course was Mother and Child Health and the least practical course was Occupational Health. According to these interns/apprentices, more than 60 % of basic courses and more than 40% of specialized courses offered changed their knowledge and not their attitude and behavior. In both continuous and discontinuous interns/apprentices groups the satisfaction rate of their field of study was average and there was no significant difference between the two groups.
Conclusion: According to the interns/apprentices, the correspondence between the curriculum of Public Health undergraduate program and job requirements was average Therefore, it is recommended that the number of active and passive immunization courses be increased. It is also suggested that one internship semester be offered in their education program.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Curriculum
- Public Health Undergraduate Program
- Intern/Apprentice
- Requirements
- Job
- Mehar A. From knowledge creation to economic development: Missing links in Muslim World. Journal of Management & Social Sciences 2000;1(1):24-47.
- Momeni Mahmuee H. Improvement of high education curriculum a step toward training creative alumni. Education Strategies in Medical Sciences. 2009;2(3):121-6.
- Tirgar A. The evaluation of occupational medicine education in medical schools of Iran,1998. JBUMS. 1999;1(4):47-52 [persian].
- Maleki H. Curriculum (guidelines). Tehran: Research and educational planning Organization; 2016.
- Shirjang A, Alizadeh M, Mortazavi F, Asghari Jafarabadi M, Jeddi A. Relevance of Public Health BSc Curriculum to Job Requirements and Health System Expectations: Views of Graduates on Courses Syllabi and Content. Iranian Journal of Medical Education. 2013;12(10):768-77.
- Farahani M, Ahmadi F. Doctoral nursing students’ viewpoints about the nursing PhD curriculum. Iranian Journal of Medical Education. 2006;6(1):83-92.
- Yazdani S, Hosseini F, Homayouni zand R. Reform in general medical degree curriculum. edition f, editor. Tehran: Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; 2007.
- Mohammadpour A, Matlabi M. The survey of the Gonabad medical sciences students views on their educational needs and improving theoritical and clinical education program (2001-2002). Iranian Journal of Medical Education. 2002;2:41-[persian].
- Ehsanpour S. Achieving Minimum Learning Requirements from the Viewpoints of Midwifery Students in Isfahan School of Nursing and Midwifery. Iranian Journal of Medical Education. 2006;6(2):17-25.
- Shahidi S, Changiz T, Salmanzadeh H, Yousefy A. Factors Affecting the Needs Assessment in Continuing Medical Education: Presenting a Practical Guideline for Selecting Models and Techniques. Iranian Journal of Medical Education. 2010;9(4):321-30.
- Gerzina TM, McLean T, Fairley J. Dental clinical teaching: perceptions of students and teachers. Journal of Dental Education. 2005;69(12):1377-84.
- Victoroff KZ, Hogan S. Students’ perceptions of effective learning experiences in dental school: a qualitative study using a critical incident technique. Journal of Dental Education. 2006;70(2):124-32.
- Salehi S, Abedi H A, Alipour L, Najafipour S, Fatehi N. Learning activities and clinical nursing services gap and the related factors: a comparative study. Iranian Journal of Medical Education. 2001;1(3):43-9[persian].
- Babaee N, Jahanian I, Bijani A, Ardebili Haghighi MR. Viewpoints of Dental Students about Practical Value of Educational Contents in Oral Medicine Department. Biannual Journal of Medical Education Education Development Center (edc) Babol University of Medical Sciences. 2014;2(1):35-40.
- Samadi MT, Taghizadeh J, Kashitarash Esfahani Z, Mohammadi M. Evaluating environmental health students' attitudes toward their discipline and future career in Hamedan university of medical sciences in 2008. Iranian Journal of Medical Education. 2010;9(4):331-6 [persian].
- Hoseinpour M, Samiei H, Behdad. Assessment of medical interns opinion about education in surgery courses in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. Iranian Journal of Medical Education. 2002; 3:1-35.
- Mortazavi SAA, Razmara A. Medical Student Satisfaction in Different Educational Locations. Iranian Journal of Medical Education. 2001;1(3):51-4 [persian].
)