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0.05). Conclusion: Type D personality in patients with heart failure is accompanied by a reduction in resilience and an increase in hopelessness. These findings can be used for health policymakers in designing and planning of multidisciplinary team care and holistic care of patients with heart failure. Considering the high frequency of hopelessness, reduction of resiliency, and type D personality in patients with heart failure, screening, identification, and referral of patients requiring psychological support is essential for facilitating adjustment and improvement of the quality of life. The identification and psychological support of patients with type D personality can help increase the hope and resilience of heart failure patients.]]>
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