نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت خدمات بهداشتی درمانی، کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مازندران، ساری، ایران

2 کارشناسی مدیریت خدمات بهداشتی و درمانی، کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی، دانشکده مدیریت و اطلاع رسانی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شیراز، شیراز، ایران

3 مرکز تحقیقات مدیریت سلامت و منابع انسانی، دانشکده مدیریت و اطلاع رسانی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شیراز، شیراز، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: شستن دست، یکی از موارد کارا و موثر برای پیشگیری از انتقال میکروارگانیسم­ها از یک شخص و یا از یک مکان به بیماران می­باشد. اما علیرغم اهمیت زیاد رعایت بهداشت دست توسط پرسنل درمانی، نتایج برخی مطالعات حاکی از عدم شستشوی دقیق و مناسب دست توسط آنها می باشد. مطالعه حاضر با هدف تعیین موانع شست و شوی دست از دیدگاه پرستاران شاغل در بیمارستان­های عمومی­آموزشی تحت پوشش دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شیراز در سال 1396 انجام شد.
مواد و روش: این مطالعه، یک مطالعه توصیفی-تحلیلی و مقطعی بود که  بر روی 312 نفر از پرستاران شاغل در بیمارستان های عمومی آموزشی تحت پوشش دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شیراز  انجام گرفت. ابزار گردآوری اطلاعات، پرسشنامه­ای روا و پایا مشتمل بر دو بخش مشخصات دموگرافیکی و 48 آیتم مربوط به موانع رعایت بهداشت دست در چهار حیطه موانع فردی، مدیریتی، تجهیزاتی و محیطی بود. تحلیل اطلاعات با استفاده از نرم­افزار SPSS 21.0 و آزمون­های تی مستقل و آنالیز واریانس یکطرفه انجام شد. سطح معنی­داری، 05/0 درنظر گرفته شد.
یافته­ ها: نتایج نشان داد که موانع تجهیزاتی بالاترین میانگین (65/0±85/2) و موانع فردی پایین­ترین میانگین (46/0±62/2) را کسب نمودند. همچنین، بین میانگین موانع مدیریتی و تجهیزاتی با جنسیت، بین میانگین موانع فردی و مدیریتی با وضعیت استخدامی، بین میانگین موانع تجهیزاتی با وضعیت تأهل، و در نهایت بین میانگین موانع مدیریتی و شیفت کاری ارتباط آماری معنی­داری وجود داشت (05/0 >p).
بحث و نتیجه­ گیری: با توجه به یافته‌ها، برای رفع موانع شست و شوی دست در پرستاران می­توان پیشنهاداتی نظیر برگزاری دوره های آموزشی کافی و مناسب و فرهنگ سازی در بخش­های بیمارستانی جهت افزایش رعایت بهداشت دست، استفاده از سیستم های نظارتی و انگیزشی مناسب، فراهم آوری به موقع و کافی امکانات و تجهیزات و نیز مواد ضدعفونی­کننده مناسب برای شستشوی دست ها، و ... ارائه نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Barriers to the Hand Washing from the Viewpoint of Nurses: A Cross-sectional Study

نویسندگان [English]

  • Marziyeh Geraei 1
  • Mahboubeh Sadeghi 2
  • Ramin Ravangard 3

1 Student Research Committee, MSc of Healthcare Management, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran

2 BSc in Health Services Management, Student Research Committee, School of Management and Medical Information Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

3 Health Human Resources Research Center, School of Management and Medical Information Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

چکیده [English]

Background: Hand washing is one of the most efficient and effective ways to prevent the transmission of microorganisms from one person or one place to the patients. However, despite the importance of hand washing by the medical personnel, the results of some studies indicate lack of proper hand washing by them. The present study aimed to determine the barriers to hand washing from the viewpoint of nurses working in general hospitals affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in 2017.
Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional and descriptive-analytical study conducted on 312 nurses working in general hospitals affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. The required data were collected using a valid and reliable questionnaire consisting of two parts, including the studied nurses' demographic characteristics and 48 items related to the hand hygiene barriers in four dimensions of individual barriers (12 items), managerial barriers (19 items), equipment barriers (10 items), and environmental barriers (7 items). The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 21.0 through independent t-test and ANOVA. The p value of less than 0.05 was regarded as statistically significant.
Results: The results showed that equipment barriers and individual barriers had, respectively, the highest (2.85 ± 0.65) and lowest (2.62 ± 0.46) means. Also, there were significant relationships between the means of managerial and equipment barriers and the studied nurses' sex, between the means of individual and managerial barriers and the nurses' employment status, between the means of equipment barriers and the nurses’ marital status, and finally, between the means of managerial barriers and the nurses' working shifts (P-value<0.05).
Conclusion: According to the results, in order to remove the barriers to the nurses' hand washing, the following suggestions can be made: running adequate and appropriate training courses and developing a proper culture in the hospital wards to increase hand washing, using appropriate monitoring and motivational systems; providing timely, adequate facilities and equipment and also selecting appropriate disinfectants for nurses' hand washing, etc.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Nurses
  • Hand hygiene
  • Barriers
  • Nosocomial infections
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