نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

چکیده

مقدمه: کودکان کم توان ذهنی از جمله افرادی هستند که به علت شرایط ذهنی و روانی ویژه در مقایسه با افراد سالم کم تحرک تر بوده و به علت این کم تحرکی، دچار ضعف های جسمانی- حرکتی می‌شوند. هدف از این پژوهش مطالعه تاثیر هشت هفته تمرینات ریباند بر آمادگی جسمانی مرتبط با تندرستی کودکان کم توان ذهنی آموزش‌پذیر بود.مواد و روش: در این مطالعه نیمه تجربی تعداد30 دانش‌آموز 7 تا 11 ساله پسر مدارس استثنائی شهرستان لردگان با میانگین سنی (27/1±46/8) و میانگین بهره هوشی (88/5±10/62) به صورت هدفمند و در دسترس انتخاب و بر اساس بهره هوشی به طور تصادفی جفت شده در دو گروه 15 نفری کنترل و تجربی قرار گرفتند. از آزمون‌های ورزشی استاندارد افراد کم توان ذهنی کالج آمریکایی طب ورزشی و آزمون‌های آمادگی جسمانی براکپورت جهت ارزیابی عوامل آمادگی جسمانی مرتبط با تندرستی استفاده شد. گروه تجربی به مدت 8 هفته، هر هفته سه جلسه 45 دقیقه ای تمرینات ریباند را انجام دادند. در پایان دوره پس آزمون به عمل آمد. برای تحلیل داده‌ها از تحلیل واریانس با اندازه گیری های مکرر استفاده شد. یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که تمرینات ریباند تاثیر معنی‌داری بر استقامت قلبی- تنفسی (006/0p=)، استقامت عضلانی (001/0p=) و قدرت انفجاری پاهای کودکان کم توان ذهنی (048/0p=) داشت. ولی بر انعطاف‌پذیری عمومی (051/0p=) و ترکیب بدنی (198/0p=) تاثیر معناداری نشان نداد(05/0P≤).بحث و نتیجه گیری: نتایج به دست آمده نشان داد تمرینات ریباند می‌تواند بر استقامت و قدرت کودکان توان ذهنی موثر بوده و در توان بخشی این کودکان  بکار گرفته شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effects of Rebound Exercises on Health-Related Physical Fitness in Educable Children with Mental Retardation

نویسندگان [English]

  • Gholamali Ghasemi
  • Naser Rahimi
  • Rasoul Khalil Tahmasebi

چکیده [English]

Background and Objectives: Mentally retarded children are more sedentary compared to healthy ones because of special mental conditions. This physical inactivity leads to motor and body weaknesses. This study aimed to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of rebound exercises on static and dynamic balance in educable mentally retarded children.
Methods: This semi-experimental study was conducted on 30 male students aging 7-11 years and studying at special schools of Lordegan who were selected through convenience sampling. The children’s mean age was 8.4±1.27 years and their mean IQ was 62.10±5.88. The subjects were randomly assigned to a control (n=15) and an intervention (n=15) group according to their IQ scores. The standardized sport tests for mentally retarded people of American College of Sport Medicine (ACSM) and Brockport Physical Fitness Test (BPFT) were used to assess health-related physical fitness factors. During the 8-week intervention, the intervention group performed rebound exercises in three 45-minute sessions per week. At the end of this period, post-test was performed for both groups. The data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA.
Results: The findings showed that rebound therapy exercises had a significant effect on cardio-respiratory endurance (P=0.006), muscular endurance (p>0.0001), and foot explosive strength (p=0.048) in mentally retarded children. However, they had no significant effects on general flexibility (P=0.051) and body composition (p=0.198).
Conclusion: Thefindings indicated that rebound exercise therapy could be used in rehabilitation of mentally retarded children.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Rebound exercises
  • Health-related physical fitness
  • Mental retardation
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