نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه پرستاری، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی همدان، همدان، ایران

2 دانشیار، مرکز تحقیقات مراقبت های روان جامعه نگر، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شیراز، شیراز، ایران

3 استاد، گروه آمار زیستی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شیراز، شیراز، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: توانمند شدن والدین کودکان اوتیسمی به منظور ارائه بهترین مراقبت به این کودکان تحت تاثیر عواملی بیش از والدین کودکان با رشد و تکامل طبیعی قرار دارد. از سوی دیگر آگاهی از عوامل مرتبط بر توانمندی والدی در این والدین برای کارکنان درمانی از جمله پرستاران مهم می باشد. بر این اساس پژوهش حاضر با هدف تبیین و تعریف توانمند شدن والدین جهت مراقبت در والدین کودکان اوتیسمی انجام شد. مواد و روش­کار: این مطالعه به روش کیفی با رویکرد تحلیل محتوا قراردادی  با مشارکت 16 نفر از والدین و مربیان  کودکان اوتیسمی انجام شد. داده­های مطالعه از طریق مصاحبه­ و گروه متمرکز در انجمن اوتیسم شیراز جمع­آوری شد. یافته­ها بااستفاده از رویکرد تحلیل محتوای قراردادی مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند.یافته ها: تحلیل داده­های حاصل از مصاحبه­ها دو طبقه اصلی شامل "خودکارآمدی"  شامل زیر طبقات "خودسازی و خودباوری" و "تطابق با وضعیت موجود " شامل زیر طبقات " پذیرش بیماری کودک، شکیبایی، تفکر و ذهن آرام، مشارکت و تعامل  سایر افراد خانواده جهت مراقبت، بهره جویی از حمایت و رفاه اجتماعی و ارتباط ماورایی" را آشکار نمود.بحث و نتیجه گیری: نتایج حاصل از مطالعه نشان داد، مفهوم توانمند شدن والدی در والدین کودکان اوتیسمی را می توان " تطابق با شرایط موجود در راستای کسب خودکارآمدی" تبیین و تعریف نمود. همچنین این یافته ها می توانند زمینه هایی در راستای ارائه برنامه ها و مداخلات هدفمند و مناسب به منظور ارزیابی و ارتقاء توانمندی در والدین کودکان اوتیسمی فراهم نماید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Parental Empowerment of the Parents of Children with Autism: A Qualitative Study

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Mohammadi 1
  • Mahnaz Rakhshan 2
  • Zahra Molazem 2
  • Najaf Zareh 3

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Community Based Psychiatric Care Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

3 Professor, Department of Bio-Statics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

چکیده [English]

Background and Aim: Empowering the parents of children with autism is required for the provision of care to children. Understanding factors influencing parental competence is required for healthcare staff including nurses. Therefore, this study aimed to describe parental empowerment among the parents of children with autism.
Methods: This was a qualitative study in which 16 parents and teachers of children with autism participated. The data was collected using focus group interviews at Shiraz Autism Society. The conventional content analysis method was used in order to analyze the data.
Results:  Two themes developed in this study were “self-efficacy” including sub-categories of "self-improvement and self-esteem" and “adapting with the present situation” including the sub- categories of "acceptance of the child’s illness, patience, calm mind and thought, participation and interaction of other family members for the enhancement of care, social protection and support advantages and spiritual connection. "
Conclusion: The phenomenon of empowering the parents of children with autism can be defined as “adherence to existing conditions to gain self-efficacy”. Moreover, the findings of this study provide knowledge about planning for appropriate interventions to evaluate and improve parental empowerment for dealing with autism.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Autistic
  • Competence
  • Child
  • Parents
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